Real-time monitoring of soil moisture content at different depths in large fields

China is a large agricultural country, and agriculture occupies an important position in the national economy. In order to guarantee the continuous supply and quality and safety of agricultural products, we need to use agricultural high technology to promote the modernisation of agriculture. Precision agriculture is one such new agricultural model based on high technology, which emphasises the application of fertilisers, pesticides and water through precise calculations to determine the amount of fertilisers, pesticides and water to be applied, in order to achieve the effective use of resources, the reduction of costs, and the enhancement of land productivity. This can not only guarantee the quality and safety of agricultural products, but also improve the ecological environment and achieve sustainable agricultural development.

However, to realise precision agriculture, we need to be able to sense and collect farmland environmental and geographical data in real time, as well as to have the ability to instantly transmit and quickly process these data. In this regard, IoT technology plays a key role. Its characteristics of "comprehensive sensing, reliable transmission and intelligent processing" make it a key force in promoting the development of agricultural modernisation, which will have a far-reaching impact on the long-term and stable development of China's agriculture. Through the application of IOT technology, we can better promote the development of precision agriculture, enhance the comprehensive efficiency and competitiveness of agriculture, and inject new vitality into the modernisation of agriculture.

Moisture monitoring instruments are mainly composed of fixed soil moisture automatic monitoring stations and tube soil moisture automatic monitors. The stationary monitoring station is capable of tracking the moisture status and temperature of four layers of soil in real time, as well as a number of indicators such as air temperature, humidity, total radiation, wind speed, wind direction, rainfall and atmospheric pressure. The tube-type automatic soil moisture monitor, on the other hand, is capable of penetrating deeper than four layers of soil and accurately measuring key factors such as soil moisture content and temperature.

The system not only has powerful data collection and storage functions, but also can regularly upload the collected data to the soil moisture monitoring system and the user's mobile phone APP, which not only meets the data interface and uploading requirements of the soil moisture monitoring system, but also allows the user to check the online status of the device, monitoring data, power status and crop pictures at any time through the mobile phone APP, providing convenient and real-time data support for agricultural production and scientific research. data support for agricultural production and scientific research.